Understanding Biologics for Rheumatoid Arthritis: How Do They Work?

Biologics are a specialized type of medication, derived or synthesized from living biological organisms, designed to treat various conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They are part of a broader class known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which also includes nonbiologic or conventional DMARDs like methotrexate, composed of small molecules made in laboratories.

Unlike traditional DMARDs, biologics specifically target parts of the inflammatory process in RA. Each biologic drug focuses on a different molecule, working to stop or reduce inflammation. RA medications, including DMARDs such as Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine), Arava (leflunomide), and Otrexup (methotrexate), are essential in managing RA symptoms.

Biologic drugs are genetically engineered proteins that act like natural proteins in your immune system. They are considered aggressive treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, particularly effective for individuals with moderate to severe RA. These drugs fall under the category of biological response modifiers, a new class of drugs that has significantly improved treatment for many people with RA.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease primarily affecting peripheral joints, leading to joint deformity and disability. Modern biologics have transformed the treatment landscape for RA. Switching from an originator biologic to single or multiple biosimilars does not adversely affect pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, clinical efficacy, or safety.

Early intervention with disease-modifying treatment is crucial for RA patients. Biologic therapy, typically following initial DMARDs, offers a newer line of treatment, effectively reducing joint damage and suppressing RA progression.

For more detailed information about biologics for rheumatoid arthritis, visit WebMD, Arthritis Foundation, Verywell Health, Verywell Health, Healthline, Tandfonline, and National Center for Biotechnology Information.