Understanding Neck Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Management Strategies

Neck pain, also known as cervicalgia, is a widespread issue, affecting two-thirds of the population at some point in their lives. Although the discomfort is felt in the neck, it can stem from various spinal problems. Neck pain may arise from muscular tightness in the neck and upper back or from the pinching of nerves or other structures.

In cases of cervical artery dissection, the neck pain is unusual, persistent, and often accompanied by a severe headache. The pain from a carotid artery tear typically spreads along the neck’s side and up toward the outer corner of the eye, while a vertebral artery tear may feel like something sharp is stuck at the base of the skull.

Sleeping positions can also contribute to neck pain. Memory-foam pillows are claimed to help foster proper spinal alignment. It’s advised to avoid using pillows that are too high or stiff, as they keep the neck flexed overnight, leading to morning pain and stiffness. For side sleepers, maintaining a straight spine is essential by using a pillow that is higher under the neck than the head.

The source of neck pain can vary significantly. Most acute pain relates to tissue injury, termed nociceptive pain. In contrast, chronic pain, known as neuropathic pain, may originate from a damaged or irritated nerve, with pain signals eventually emanating from the brain.

Certain sleep positions can pose risks for the neck. When sleeping on the stomach, the head is rotated to the side. Similarly, sleeping on the side without proper support can push the neck toward the shoulder, potentially causing muscle strain and pain.

In individuals over 40, common causes of neck pain lasting at least two weeks and painful with pressure application include muscle spasm or strain.

It’s crucial to recognize the warning signs of severe neck pain, such as a cervical artery dissection, which causes unusual, persistent, and severe neck and head pain. With a carotid artery tear, the pain often spreads along the neck to the forehead, eye, cheek, or teeth.

Swollen glands and neck pain can indicate an infection or a tumor. Neck pain coupled with chest pain or pressure might signal a heart attack or inflamed heart muscle.

For additional tips on preventing and treating neck pain, read Neck Pain, a Special Health Report from Harvard Medical School.