Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder impacting more than just the joints. This autoimmune disease can affect various body systems, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels. Symptoms may manifest in different areas such as dry mouth, gum inflammation, skin nodules, and lung complications like shortness of breath and disease.
The diagnosis of RA involves a comprehensive approach as there is no single test or physical finding that can confirm it definitively. During a physical exam, doctors look for joint swelling, redness, and warmth, and may also assess reflexes and muscle strength. Diagnosis typically includes taking a medical history, performing a physical exam, and utilizing laboratory tests and imaging studies like x-rays or ultrasound. Early diagnosis can be challenging since the disease develops over time and may present only a few symptoms initially.
RA is particularly notable as it typically affects joints on both sides of the body, distinguishing it from other arthritis types. Its severity can vary, leading to significant joint and other bodily deformities and dysfunctions. Genetics play a role in the risk of developing RA, especially when combined with environmental factors like smoking or obesity.
For more detailed information about rheumatoid arthritis, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options, visit the following resources:
Mayo Clinic – Diagnosis and Treatment
Mayo Clinic – Symptoms and Causes
Arthritis Foundation
CDC on RA
NIAMS
Cleveland Clinic on RA
Johns Hopkins Medicine
