Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that not only affects the joints but can also impact a variety of body systems, including skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels. This condition can arise at any age but is most common among adults in their sixties, with new cases being two to three times higher in women than in men. Genetics play a significant role, as certain genes can increase the likelihood of developing RA.
The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis involves a multifaceted approach. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, among others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve), are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. However, these over-the-counter options, as well as prescription NSAIDs, can have side effects including stomach irritation, heart problems, and kidney damage. Another class of medications used in RA treatment are corticosteroids, known for their potent anti-inflammatory effects.
Additionally, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) play a crucial role in RA management. They not only alleviate symptoms but also slow the progression of the disease.
A relatively new strategy in RA treatment is the treat-to-target approach, particularly recommended for patients who have not yet started biologics or small molecule drugs. This method involves setting a treatment goal with the healthcare provider and adjusting the therapy until the goal is achieved.
Early and consistent treatment is key to managing symptoms and preventing joint damage in RA. This may include a combination of medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes.
For more detailed information on rheumatoid arthritis and its treatment, visit the Mayo Clinic, Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, CDC, and Arthritis Foundation.
