Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that not only affects the joints but can also impact various body systems such as the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels. The diagnosis of RA involves a comprehensive approach, including medical history assessment, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies like X-rays or ultrasound.
Age and sex are significant factors in the likelihood of developing RA. It can start at any age, with the highest onset in adults in their sixties. RA cases are two-to-three times more common in women than in men. Genetics also play a role, as certain inherited traits increase the risk of developing RA.
Treatment for RA includes a range of options aimed at reducing joint stress, managing pain and inflammation, and preventing joint damage. Medications form a crucial part of RA treatment. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, and others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve), help relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Other pharmacological strategies include corticosteroids, methotrexate (Rheumatrex, Trexall), hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), and leflunomide (Arava).
RA can also affect other parts of the body. For example, it can cause dryness, pain, inflammation, and redness in the eyes, making them sensitive to light and affecting vision. The mouth may experience dryness and gum problems, while the skin can develop rheumatoid nodules. In the lungs, RA can lead to inflammation, scarring, shortness of breath, and lung disease.
For further information on rheumatoid arthritis, including symptoms, causes, and treatment options, visit the following resources:
Mayo Clinic: Diagnosis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Mayo Clinic: Symptoms and Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
CDC: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center: Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Arthritis Foundation: Rheumatoid Arthritis
