Understanding Rheumatoid Arthritis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Medications

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that requires a comprehensive approach for effective management. The treatment of RA typically involves lifelong strategies, including medications, physical therapy, targeted exercises, health education, and in some cases, surgery. An early and aggressive treatment plan is crucial for delaying joint destruction associated with RA.

Medications play a pivotal role in managing RA. There are various classes of drugs used, each with its specific uses and potential side effects. These medications may be taken alone or in combination, depending on the individual’s condition and response to treatment.

Some common complementary and alternative treatments for RA show promise, such as fish oil supplements. These supplements have been found in preliminary studies to reduce pain and stiffness associated with RA. However, they may also have side effects that should be considered. Plant oils, like the seeds of evening primrose, are also explored for their potential benefits in RA treatment.

Diagnosing RA involves a comprehensive approach that includes taking a medical history, performing a physical exam, and ordering laboratory tests. During the physical exam, doctors check the joints for swelling, redness, and warmth, and assess joint movement. Laboratory tests analyze different body fluids to help pinpoint the type of arthritis.

Currently, there are three JAK inhibitors used to treat RA: tofacitinib (Xeljanz), baracitinib (Olumiant), and upadacitinib (Rinvoq), which are taken orally. Analgesics like acetaminophen can ease pain but do not reduce inflammation. Corticosteroids are also used in treatment plans.

For more detailed information on RA medications and treatments, visit Drugs.com, Mayo Clinic, WebMD, Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, Mayo Clinic on Arthritis, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, and the Arthritis Foundation.