Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects joints but can also have systemic implications. It’s an autoimmune condition, meaning the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, leading to inflammation and pain. RA symptoms can vary in severity and may fluctuate, with periods of flares and remission.
Key symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and redness, often worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity. RA can lead to joint deformities and shifting over time. Beyond joints, RA may cause loss of appetite, dry eyes and mouth (linked to Sjogren’s syndrome), and rheumatoid nodules.
RA typically begins around the age of 30, though onset can vary. Factors like cigarette smoking can significantly increase the risk. Diagnosis often involves blood tests to detect inflammation and antibodies indicative of RA, such as the Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). About 80% of people with RA test positive for rheumatoid factor (RF).
For more detailed information about rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and causes, visit Mayo Clinic, Healthline, Rheumatoid Arthritis Support Network, CDC, Medical News Today, Mayo Clinic on Arthritis, Cleveland Clinic, and Verywell Health.
