Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joints, but it can also impact other parts of the body. This condition is characterized by periods of disease flares and remission and is known for causing painful swelling and potential joint deformity. It’s more common in women than men and can lead to a variety of complications if not managed properly.
The symptoms of RA include tender, warm, swollen joints, joint stiffness that is usually worse in the mornings and after inactivity, fatigue, fever, and loss of appetite. As RA progresses, symptoms often spread to the wrists, knees, ankles, elbows, hips, and shoulders. In most cases, symptoms occur in the same joints on both sides of your body.
One of the key risks associated with rheumatoid arthritis is the potential for developing hardened and blocked arteries, as well as inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart. There is also an increased risk of lung disease, where inflammation and scarring of the lung tissues can lead to progressive shortness of breath. Additionally, people with RA have a higher risk of lymphoma, a type of blood cancer.
The exact cause of RA is not fully understood, but it involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The immune system mistakenly attacks the synovial fluid in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain. Over time, this can damage the cartilage and bone within the joint.
Living with RA involves managing pain and other symptoms through a combination of medications, lifestyle changes, and natural remedies. Treatment options include disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids. Lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and stress management can also help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
For more detailed information on rheumatoid arthritis, its symptoms, causes, and treatment options, visit the Mayo Clinic and Healthline.
For personal stories and experiences from those living with RA, check out Healthline’s RA stories. Additionally, explore the stages and progression of the disease at Healthline. For a comprehensive guide on RA, visit Everyday Health. The CDC and WebMD also provide valuable information on RA, including who is at risk and why.
