What Causes a Pinched Nerve in Your Back and How Can You Treat It?

A pinched nerve, commonly related to conditions such as spinal stenosis, can lead to a spectrum of discomfort ranging from dull aches to burning pain. Understanding the cause and adopting effective treatments can significantly improve the quality of life for those affected by this condition.

The Science Behind a Pinched Nerve

In a typical spine, nerves branch off from the spinal cord through spaces nestled between the vertebrae. When one of these exit spaces becomes compromised or shrinks, it can result in the compression of the nerve root, known as the radicular nerve. This compression can induce symptoms in the areas the nerve services.

A multitude of issues can lead to a pinched nerve, from a herniated disc, spinal stenosis, to degenerative conditions. The primary symptom distinguishing sciatica from other back pain types is a dull, shooting, or burning pain that begins in the lower back or buttock and travels down one or both legs. In addition to this, patients might experience neuropathies, manifesting as numbness or a “pins and needles” sensation.

The narrowing that causes this nerve compression can be classified as central stenosis, which pertains to the main channel, or foraminal stenosis, relating to the “exit ramp” for each individual nerve root. It’s essential to note that this condition can occur in various spine regions, such as the cervical (neck), thoracic (mid-back), or the lumbar (lower back).

Treatment and Pain Relief

McCormick’s suggestion for alleviating symptoms related to spinal stenosis includes motions or positions that draw the knees toward the chest. By doing so, it helps in opening the central spinal canal, giving the nerves ample space. Other recommended treatments encompass sufficient rest, gentle movements, and the use of over-the-counter pain relievers.

Typically, back pain can be associated with spine arthrosis or muscle spasms, potentially radiating to the buttocks, thighs, and hips, known as axial symptoms. On the other hand, radicular symptoms stem from nerve compression, and patients may describe them as “lightning bolts”, indicative of conditions like sciatica.

For persistent pain originating from the nerves, certain nerve pain medications can prove beneficial when combined with other pain relief treatments. For recurrent muscle and joint pain, effective remedies include rest, application of ice and heat, anti-inflammatory drugs, and time. With appropriate treatment, pain typically subsides, leading to enhanced comfort and well-being.