Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a prevalent condition in dogs, often leading to back pain, discomfort, and in severe cases, even paralysis. But what exactly is IVDD, how does it affect our furry friends, and what role do intervertebral discs play in the canine spine?
Understanding the Intervertebral Disc
Intervertebral discs function as the spine’s shock absorbers, located between each vertebra. These discs resemble a jelly donut. The nucleus pulposus, akin to the jelly inside the donut, is encased by the annulus fibrosis on the outside. These discs ensure that the vertebrae are cushioned from each other, providing the spine with shock absorption and flexibility. As part of the natural aging process, these discs tend to deteriorate.
Learn more about the vertebral column.
The Pathology of IVDD
IVDD emerges when intervertebral discs degenerate, lose their water content, and calcify. This degeneration makes them vulnerable to rupture or protrusion, known as type I intervertebral disc disease. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY), caused by a distinct mutation, brings about a short-legged phenotype in dogs and is also linked to abnormal premature degeneration of these discs.
When the disc herniates or slips, it can compress the spinal cord, leading to the condition known as Intervertebral Disc Herniation (IVDH). This compression is the primary cause behind the clinical symptoms or signs observed in affected dogs.
More on Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs.
Variability in IVDD
IVDD can vary significantly based on its location, whether it’s acute or chronic, the force exerted when the disc material compresses the spinal cord, the extent of hypoxia in spinal cord tissue, the mechanical displacement of the spinal cord, and its duration.
Read about Intervertebral Disc Herniation.
In Conclusion
Understanding IVDD and its implications is crucial for any dog owner. Regular check-ups, recognizing early symptoms, and seeking timely veterinary care can make a significant difference in managing and treating this condition.
For further information on canine health and disc diseases, visit the following resources:
WSU Veterinary Medicine Hospital on IVDD
UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory
Cornell University’s Canine Health Center on Diseased Spinal Discs
