Arthritis, a term often heard in medical circles and among the elderly, refers to a range of conditions characterized by joint inflammation, pain, and stiffness. But what exactly is it, how does it manifest, and what are its primary types? Let’s dive in.
What is Arthritis?
Arthritis is not a singular disease. Rather, it encapsulates over 100 types of joint diseases and related conditions. At its core, arthritis signifies inflammation of the joints. Joints are the areas where two bones meet, allowing us movement, such as the knee or elbow. This inflammation can affect just one joint or multiple joints, leading to symptoms that might develop gradually or appear abruptly.
Arthritis isn’t limited by age, race, or gender. It affects a vast number of people worldwide, making it the leading cause of disability in the U.S. According to the Arthritis Foundation, arthritis impacts people of all ages, races, and both sexes.
Primary Symptoms of Arthritis
The hallmark symptoms of arthritis include joint pain, swelling, tenderness, and stiffness. These symptoms typically intensify with age. In severe cases, or specific types of arthritis, other organs like the skin, eyes, heart, or lungs can also be affected.
Common Types of Arthritis
The two most prevalent types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteoarthritis (OA): This is the most common form, affecting millions globally. OA emerges when the protective cartilage cushioning the ends of bones deteriorates over time. Though it can impact any joint, it predominantly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine. More details on OA can be found at the Mayo Clinic.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): RA is an autoimmune disorder wherein the immune system erroneously attacks the body’s tissues. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder that goes beyond affecting joints. It can also damage various body systems, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels. Comprehensive information on RA is available on the Mayo Clinic’s page.
Causes and Factors
Arthritis arises from a combination of factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental elements. It can also develop due to metabolic or infectious causes, or even as a result of previous injuries, termed post-traumatic arthritis.
For those seeking more in-depth knowledge on arthritis, its types, causes, and treatments, resources such as the Cleveland Clinic and the Mayo Clinic offer a wealth of information.
In conclusion, arthritis, while common, is a complex condition with various types and causes. Understanding it is vital for both its sufferers and their caregivers.
